Treaty on European Union (consolidated version), 7 June 2016, OJ C202/01
Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union (consolidated version), 7 June 2016, OJ C202/01
Decision No 1386/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 November 2013 on a General Union Environment Action Programme to 2020 ‘Living well, within the limits of our planet’ (7th Environment Action Programme to 2020)
- EU Nature Protection Legislation / Site Protection
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COUNCIL DIRECTIVE 92/43/EEC of May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (Habitats Directive)
DIRECTIVE 2009/147/EC OF THE EUROPEAN PARLIAMENT AND OF THE COUNCIL of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds (Birds Directive)
Directive 2011/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 13 December 2011 on the assessment of the effects of certain public and private projects on the environment (EIA Directive)
Directive 2001/42/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 27 June 2001 on the assessment of the effects of certain plans and programmes on the environment (SEA Directive)
Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy (Water Framework Directive)
Directive 2004/35/CE of the European Parliament and of the Council of 21 April 2004 on environmental liability with regard to the prevention and remedying of environmental damage (ELD)
Council Directive 1999/22/EC of 29 March 1999 relating to the keeping of wild animals in zoos
Commission guidance document on streamlining environmental assessments conducted under Article 2(3) of the Environmental Impact Assessment Directive (Directive 2011/92/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council, as amended by Directive 2014/52/EU) (OJ 2016 C 273, 1)
European Commission, Farming for Natura 2000l Guidance on how to support Natura 2000 farming systems to achieve conservation objectives, based on Member States good practice experiences (2014)
Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 22 October 2014 on the prevention and management of the introduction and spread of invasive alien species
Communication on green infrastructure (GI) – enhancing Europe’s natural capital (COM(2013) 249 final, 6 May 2013)
Directive 2008/99/EC on the protection of the environment through criminal law (Environmental Crime Directive)
Council Decision (EU) 2015/451 of 6 March 2015 concerning the accession of the European Union to the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
Council Decision of 12 February 2013 on the conclusion on behalf of the European Union of the Nagoya-Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (2013/86/EU)
EU Commission, Links between the Water Framework Directive and Nature Directives, 2011
Regulation (EU) 995/2010 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 October 2010 laying down the obligations of operators who place timber and timber products on the market
Regulation (EC) No 1007/2009 (consolidated version) of the European Parliament and of the Council of 16 September 2009 on trade in seal products
Report from the Commission to the Council and the European Parliament, Composite Report on the Conservation Status of Habitat Types and Species as required under Article 17 of the Habitats Directive (COM(2009), 358 final, 13 July 2009)
Communication from the Commission, Progress Report on the Sustainable Development Strategy 2007 (COM(2007) 642 final, 22 October 2007)
COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 338/97 of 9 December 1996 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein
Commission Regulation (EC) No 1024/2008 of 17 October 2008 laying down detailed measures for the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 2173/2005 (consolidated version) on the establishment of a FLEGT licensing scheme for imports of timber into the European Community
Commission regulation (EC) No 865/2006 of 4 May 2006 laying down detailed rules concerning the implementation of Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating trade therein
Council Regulation (EC) No 2173/2005 of 20 December 2005 on the establishment of a FLEGT licensing scheme for imports of timber into the European Community Guidance document on Article 6(4) of the 'Habitats Directive' 92/43/EEC
COUNCIL REGULATION (EC) No 1782/2003 of 29 September 2003 establishing common rules for direct support schemes under the common agricultural policy and establishing certain support schemes for farmers and amending Regulations (EEC) No 2019/93, (EC) No 1452/2001, (EC) No 1453/2001, (EC) No 1454/2001, (EC) No 1868/94, (EC) No 1251/1999, (EC) No 1254/1999, (EC) No 1673/2000, (EEC) No 2358/71 and (EC) No 2529/2001
Council Decision of 25 June 2002 concerning the conclusion, on behalf of the European Community, of the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety (2002/628/EC)
Decision No 1600/2002/EC laying down the Sixth Community Environmental Action Programme
CONVENTION ON ACCESS TO INFORMATION, PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN DECISION-MAKING AND ACCESS TO JUSTICE IN ENVIRONMENTAL MATTERS (Aarhus Convention) 25 June 1998
Council Decision of 24 June 1982 on the conclusion of the Convention on the conservation of migratory species of wild animals (82/461/EEC) (Bonn Convention)
COUNCIL DECISION 82/72/EEC of 3 December 1981 concerning the conclusion of the Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention)
- Implementation of the EU Nature Protection Legislation / Site Protection
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Commission Staff working Document of 16.12.2016 of the EU Nature Legislation (Birds and Habitats Directives) Directive 2009/147/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 30 November 2009 on the conservation of wild birds and Council Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) 2016/1141 of 13 July 2016 adopting a list of invasive alien species of Union concern pursuant to Regulation (EU) No 1143/2014 of the European Parliament and of the Council
Commission Implementing Regulation (EU) No 792/2012 of 23 August 2012 laying down rules for the design of permits, certificates and other documents provided for in Council Regulation (EC) No 338/97 (consolidated version) on the protection of species of wild fauna and flora by regulating the trade therein and amending Regulation (EC) No 865/2006
Commission Regulation (EU) No 737/2010 of 10 August 2010 laying down detailed rules for the implementation of Regulation (EC) No 1007/2009 of the European Parliament and of the Council on trade in seal products
European Commission guidance document on hunting under Council Directive 79/409/EEC on the conservation of wild birds “The Birds Directive”, December 2006
MANAGING NATURA 2000 SITES: The provisions of Article 6 of the ‘Habitats’ Directive 92/43/EEC
Guidance document on Article 6(4) of the 'Habitats Directive' 92/43/EEC
The implementation of the Birds and Habitats Directives in estuaries and coastal zones, European Commission, January 2011
Guidance document on the strict protection of animal species of Community interest under the Habitats Directive 92/43/EEC
Guidelines for the establishment of the Natura 2000 network in the marine environment: Application of the Habitats and Birds Directives
- Useful Documents: Policy Documents, Reports, Fact Sheets
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European Commission, Natura 2000; Nature and Biodiversity Newsletter (includes Natura 2000 Barometer (published quarterly)
Special Report More efforts needed to implement the Natura 2000 network to its full potential, 2017
Council conclusions on EU Action Plan for nature, people and the economy (Press release 387/17, 19 June 2017)
Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, An Action Plan for nature, people and the economy (COM(2017) 198 final, 27 April 2017)
Commission Communication, Next steps for a sustainable European future; European action for sustainability (COM(2016) 739 final, 22 November 2016)
European Parliament resolution of 2 February 2016 on the mid-term review of the EU’s Biodiversity Strategy (2015/2137(INI))
Institute for European Environmental Policy, The Health and Social Benefits of Nature and Biodiversity Protection (final report, 28 April 2016) (funded by the European Commission, DG Environment (ENV.B.3/ETU/2014/0039))
European Environment Agency, State of nature in the EU: Results from reporting under the nature directives 2007–2012 (EEA Technical Report No 2/2015)
Institute for European Environmental Policy, The Economic Benefits of the Natura 2000 Network Synthesis Report (2013) (funded by the European Commission DG Environment (07.0307/2010/581178/SER/B3)
Wind energy developments and Natura 2000, European Union 2011
Institute for European Environmental Policy, Costs and Socio-Economic Benefits associated with the Natura 2000 Network (final report, 13 August 2010) (funded by the European Commission DG Environment (ENV.B.2/SER/2008/0038)
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity: Mainstreaming the Economics of Nature: A synthesis of the approach, conclusions and recommendations of TEEB (2010)
Millennium Ecosystem Assessment; Natural Assets and Human Well-being; Statement from the Board (March 2005)
Report from the Commission on the implementation of the Directive 92/43/EEC on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (COM(2003) 845 final, 5 January 2003)
Natura 2000 and forests ‘Challenges and opportunities’, European Communities 2003
Sustainable tourism and Natura 2000: Guidelines, initiatives and good practices in Europe, European Communities 2001
Commission Communication of 27 March 2001 to the Council and the European Parliament: Biodiversity Action Plan for Agriculture (Volume III) [COM(2001) 162 final
Appendix 1: Marine Habitat types definitions. Update of “Interpretation Manual of European Union Habitats”
Appendix 2: Lists of existing marine Habitat types and Species for different Member States
Appendix 3: Examples of the technique of the use of matrix as a management tool for decision-making.
Appendix 4 I: Good experiences and examples of implementation of Natura 2000 in the marine environment including LIFE fund actions in the marine environment
Appendix 4 II: LIFE and the marine environment: Promoting sustainable management of Europe’s seas
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C-502/15 Judgment of the Court (Ninth Chamber) of 4 May 2017, European Commission v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland
C- 142/16 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 26 April 2017 European Commission v Federal Republic of Germany
C-315/16 Judgment of the Court (Tenth Chamber) of 30 March 2017, József Lingurár v Miniszterelnökséget vezető miniszter
C-444/15 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 21 December 2016, Associazione Italia Nostra Onlus v Comune di Venezia and Others
C-461/14 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 24 November 2016, European Commission v Kingdom of Spain
C-504/14 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 10 November 2016, European Commission v Hellenic Republic
C-243/15 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 8 November 2016, Lesoochranárske zoskupenie VLK v Obvodný úrad Trenčín
C-290/15 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 27 October 2016, Patrice D'Oultremont and Others v Région wallonne
Joined Cases C-387/15 and C-388/15 Judgment of the Court (Seventh Chamber) of 21 July 2016, Hilde Orleans and Others v Vlaams Gewest
C-346/14 Judgment of the Court (First Chamber) of 4 May 2016, European Commission v Republic of Austria
C-141/14 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 14 January 2016. European Commission v Republic of Bulgaria
C-399/14 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 14 January 2016. Grüne Liga Sachsen eV and Others v Freistaat Sachsen
C-600/12 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 17 July 2014, European Commission v Hellenic Republic (French)
Case C-521/12 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 15 May 2014. T. C. Briels and Others v Minister van Infrastructuur en Milieu
Case C-301/12 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 3 April 2014, Cascina Tre Pini Ss v Ministero dell’Ambiente e della Tutela del Territorio e del Mare and Others.
C-258/11 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 11 April 2013. Peter Sweetman and Others v An Bord Pleanála. Reference for a preliminary ruling: Supreme Court - Ireland.
C-244/12 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber), 21 March 2013 Salzburger Flughafen GmbH v Umweltsenat
C-420/11 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber), 14 March 2013 Jutta Leth v Republik Österreich, Land Niederösterreich
C-517/11 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 7 February 2013, European Commission v Hellenic Republic (French)
C-416/11 P Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 29 November 2012, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland v European Commission
C-43/10 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 11 September 2012. Nomarchiaki Aftodioikisi Aitoloakarnanias and Others v Ypourgos Perivallontos, Chorotaxias kai Dimosion ergon and Others.
C-567/10 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber), 22 March 2012 Inter-Environnement Bruxelles ASBL and Others v Région de Bruxelles-Capitale
C-340/10 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 15 March 2012, European Commission v Republic of Cyprus.
C-182/10 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 16 February 2012, Marie-Noëlle Solvay and Others v Région wallonne.
C-404/09 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 24 November 2011, European Commission v Kingdom of Spain.
C-43/10 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 11 September 2012, Nomarchiaki Aftodioikisi Aitoloakarnanias and Others v Ypourgos Perivallontos, Chorotaxias kai Dimosion ergon and Others
C-295/10 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 22 September 2011 Genovaitė Valčiukienė and Others v Pakruojo rajono savivaldybė and Others
C-383/09 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 9 June 2011, European Commission v French Republic.
C-115/09 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 12 May 2011. Bund für Umwelt und Naturschutz Deutschland, Landesverband Nordrhein-Westfalen eV v Bezirksregierung Arnsberg
C-308/08 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 20 May 2010, European Commission v Kingdom of Spain.
C-241/08 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 4 March 2010, European Commission v French Republic.
C-226/08 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 14 January 2010, Stadt Papenburg v Bundesrepublik Deutschland.
C-418/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 13 December 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Ireland.
C-179/06 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 4 October 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Italian Republic.
C-304/05 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 20 September 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Italian Republic.
C-235/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 28 June 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of Spain.
C-342/05 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 14 June 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Republic of Finland.
C-508/04 Judgment of the Court (Fourth Chamber) of 10 May 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Republic of Austria.
C-183/05 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 11 January 2007, Commission of the European Communities v Ireland
C-418/05 P Order of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 7 November 2006, Centro Provincial de Jóvenes Agricultores de Jaén (ASAJA) and Others v Council of the European Union.
C-239/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 26 October 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Portuguese Republic.
C-244/05 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 14 September 2006, Bund Naturschutz in Bayern eV and Others v Freistaat Bayern.
C-191/05 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 13 July 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Portuguese Republic.
C-221/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 18 May 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of Spain.
C-209/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 23 March 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Republic of Austria.
C-518/04 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 16 March 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Hellenic Republic.
C-98/03 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 10 January 2006, Commission of the European Communities v Federal Republic of Germany.
C-6/04 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 20 October 2005, Commission of the European Communities v United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.
C-441/03 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 14 April 2005, Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of the Netherlands.
C-117/03 Judgment of the Court (Second Chamber) of 13 January 2005, Societŕ Italiana Dragaggi SpA and Others v Ministero delle Infrastrutture e dei Trasporti and Regione Autonoma Friuli Venezia Giulia.
C-127/02 Judgment of the Court (Grand Chamber) of 7 September 2004, Landelijke Vereniging tot Behoud van de Waddenzee and Nederlandse Vereniging tot Bescherming van Vogels v Staatssecretaris van Landbouw, Natuurbeheer en Visserij.
C-407/03 Judgment of 15 July 2004, Commission v Finland.
C-143/02 Judgment of the Court (Third Chamber) of 20 March 2003, Commission of the European Communities v Italian Republic.
C-75/01 Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 13 February 2003, Commission of the European Communities v Grand Duchy of Luxemburg.
C-103/00 Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 30 January 2002, Commission of the European Communities v Hellenic Republic.
C-71/99 Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 11 September 2001, Commission of the European Communities v Federal Republic of Germany
C-374/98 Judgment of the Court (Sixth Chamber) of 7 December 2000, Commission of the European Communities v French Republic.
C-371/98 Judgment of the Court of 7 November 2000, The Queen v Secretary of State for the Environment, Transport and the Regions, ex parte First Corporate Shipping Ltd, interveners: World Wide Fund for Nature UK (WWF) and Avon Wildlife Trust.
C-256/98 Judgment of the Court (Fifth Chamber) of 6 April 2000, Commission of the European Communities v French Republic.
C-3/96 Judgment of the Court of 19 May 1998, Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of the Netherlands.
C-44/95 Judgment of the Court of 11 July 1996, Regina v Secretary of State for the Environment, ex parte: Royal Society for the Protection of Birds.
C-355/90 Judgment of the Court of 2 August 1993, Commission of the European Communities v Kingdom of Spain.
C-57/98 Judgment of the Court of 28 February 1991. Commission of the European Communities v Federal Republic of Germany
- UN and Council of Europe Documents
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UN General Assembly, Resolution adopted by the General Assembly on 25 September 2015; Transforming our world: the 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development
The Cancun Declaration on mainstreaming the Conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity for well-being, 6. December 2016
2030 Agenda and 17 sustainable development goals agreed at Rio + 20 UN Conference on sustainable development 2012
Strategic Plan for Biodiversity 2011-2020, including Aichi Biodiversity Targets
Kuala Lumpur Supplementary Protocol on Liability and Redress to the Cartagena Protocol on Biosafety
Nagoya Protocol on access to genetic resources and the fair and equitable sharing of benefits arising from their utilisation
Cartagena protocol on biosafety
UN Convention on Biological Diversity
Convention on wetlands of international importance especially as waterfowl habitat 1971 (Ramsar Convention)
UN World Heritage Convention
Convention on access to information, public participation in decision-making and access to Justice in Environmental Matters, Aarhus, Denmark, on 25 June 1998
Council of Europe, Convention on the conservation of European wildlife and natural habitats (Bern Convention)
Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora (CITES)
Convention on conservation of migratory species of wild animals (Bonn Convention)
Convention for the Protection of the Marine Environment of the North-East Atlantic (OSPAR Convention)