Introduction
Directive 2010/75 on industrial emissions (IED) is aimed at achieving significant benefits to the environment and human health by reducing harmful industrial emissions across the European Union, in particular through better application of best available techniques (BAT).
The IED recasts and codifies seven separate existing Directives related to industrial emissions:
- Directive 78/176/EEC of 20 February 1978 on waste from the titanium dioxide industry (Titanium Dioxide Directive);
- Directive 82/883/EEC on the surveillance and monitoring of titanium dioxide waste;
- Directive 92/112/EEC on the reduction of titanium dioxide industrial waste;
- Directive 1999/13/EC on reducing emissions of volatile organic compounds (VOCs);
- Directive 2000/76/EC on waste incineration (Waste Incineration Directive (WID));
- Directive 2008/1/EC concerning integrated pollution prevention and control (IPPC Directive);
- Directive 2001/80/EC on the limitation of emissions of certain pollutants from large combustion plants (LCP Directive)
The European Commission has used the recasting technique to combine in a single text both the substantive amendments to the component Directives and those of their original provisions which remain unchanged. As a recast, the IED contains large amounts of text either completely unchanged from the Directives being recast, or adapted from them without any substantial change. But the IED also contains a considerable amount of provisions which were either subject to substantive changes or they were newly introduced.
- an integrated approach,
- best available techniques,
- flexibility,
- inspections,
- public participation.